- Quran Juz 28 – Qad SamiAllahu
Summary
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• Surah Mujadalah: Mujadalah means to argue and debate. It refers to the communication of a woman of Madinah, and the concept of Zihaar.
• The context is a companion named Aws bin Thamit told his wife Khawla bint Tha’lbah (radiAllahu anhuma) that she was like his mother. Jurisprudentially this is called Zihaar, and this was a kind of tradition to divorce one’s wife in the days of ignorance.
• Right after this happened, Sayyidah Khawlah (ra) came to Prophet Muhammed ﷺ and stated the matter, and also mentioned her concern towards her children in case of the prospective separation from his husband.
• Prophet Muhammed ﷺ remained silent as the rulings related to Zihaar were not yet revealed. But the lady in deep emotions kept on asking the prophet ﷺ for a reply.
• Allah responded and revealed the first verses of this chapter. The compensation to Zihaar was revealed, which was either to release a slave or to fast for two months consecutively to take the Zihaar back (note that Zihaar is different from Talaq). In the case of impossibility, one has to feed 60 poor people.
• Then Allah said that He watches over those who speak secretly. In their secret meetings, Jews used to plan on posing hurdles and problems. So, such meetings were banned. However, it is permissible to speak in muted tones when matters being discussed are goodness and piety.
• Then Allah taught the Sahaba to pay something in charity before meeting the holy prophet ﷺ, so that their mistakes, if any, while being with the noble prophet ﷺ could be forgiven.
• Then one of the qualities of being a firm believer is mentioned. Allah says that Mu’min are those who cut their ties of blood, race, and nationality if they see anyone opposing Allah and His prophet ﷺ. Allah called them people of His own group, and Spoke about His support to them, victories, and Heaven in the hereafter.
• Surah Hashr: Allah speaks about 3 prominent types of believers:
1. Those who safeguarded their Imaan and left their houses through migration for the sake of Allah. They were the Muhajiroon Sahaba.
2. The Ansaari Sahaba, who loved the Muhajiroon, shared everything with them from which Allah gave them, gave so much that the Muhajiroon never felt like falling short of anything, even if they themselves suffered.
3. The third type of believers were those who accepted Islam after the first two. They prayed to Allah for them in these words: “O our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who have preceded in embracing faith. And let not any spite and bitterness be in our hearts against the believers. (A part of verse 10 of this chapter).
• By categorizing the believers into three, Allah taught us that believers are well-wishers for each other, help each other, and pray for forgiveness when any of them die.
• The other name of this chapter is Surah Nadheer, as it mentions the fort of Bani Nadheer (the Jewish tribe), its siege, and the tribe’s eviction.
• The Jews had an agreement with the Muslims for collaborating against the Makkan polytheists in case they attack Madinah. But the Jews supported the Makkans secretly and started plotting against Muslims. The Muslims sieged and evicted them, as their activities were against the Constitution of Madinah, the constitution of the land. Even today in the 21st century every country pronounces the strictest punishment to those who go against their country’s constitution.
• However, the Banu Nadheer were allowed to take with them everything they could, so they even took with them the debris of their houses so that they could use it in their new settlement, and nothing remains for the Mulims.
• In the 21st verse, Allah says that had He revealed the Holy Quran on a mountain, it would have burst into pieces due to the fear of Allah.
• Surah Mumtahanah: Sayyiduna Hatib bin Abi Balta’ah (ra) who gave a secret of the Muslims to the polytheists of Makkah, so that they can remain thankful to his favor. Sayyiduna Hatib (ra) was a sincere companion who had participated in Badr, but he happened to commit this mistake which wasn’t liked by Allah and His Messenger ﷺ. But he repented sincerely, the context in which the first verse of this chapter was revealed.
• Verses 11 onwards talk about the aspects which women were permitted to take the oath of allegiance with Prophet Muhammed ﷺ.
• Allah states that the life and character of Sayyiduna Ibraheem (a.s.). is a perfect model for us to follow. He also stated that Muslims should have mutual love and understating with each other not on the basis of color, caste, creed, nationality, social status, but on the basis of Tawheed.
• Surah Saf: The chapter starts off with Allah mentioning people not to have differences in their words and actions. Allah doesn’t like those who do so.
• Then comes the story of Sayyiduna Musa (a.s.) and his advice for his people. But when his people didn’t listen to him, Allah sealed their wisdom and understanding.
• Then the Quran mentions Sayyiduna Isa (a.s.) who mentioned the coming of our beloved Prophet Muhammed ﷺ.
• Finally in this chapter, Allah says that people who try to establish Islam gain success in every time and age, and he gave the example of the followers of Jesus (Sayyiduna Isa). The same happened to the Sahaba, but today, Muslims have to strive for the same.
• Surah Juma: Allah states that the prophetic mission was to recite the verses of Allah, cleansing of the inner soul (Tadhkiya), and to rendering of the knowledge of Quran and wisdom.
• Then Allah talks about those Jewish scholars who read the Torah but do not practice its teachings.
• Then the Jewish idea that they are the most beloved to Allah is denounced. Allah says that if they are so determined about this idea, they should wish to die, as death lets anyone meet Allah. And Allah says that they’ll never do so, and that they are afraid of death.
• Then the obligation of the Friday prayers is mentioned.
• Surah Munafiqoon: This chapter has a self-explanatory title/name; talks about the most dangerous people to the Ummah – the hypocrites.
• The hypocrites used to come and accept Islam superficially, but Allah used to declare and let his beloved messenger ﷺ know that they were hypocrites.
• Finally, Allah told Muslims that their wealth and children shouldn’t make them heedless and negligent towards Himself.
• Allah asked Muslims to spend a portion of their wealth in the way of Allah before death approaches them, else everyone will seek more time from the Angel of Death when it approaches them to perform charity and becoming among the doers of good. Allah also says that nobody will get a chance to live more than the allotted time.
• Surah Taghaabun: This chapter talks about the natural proofs to the Oneness of Allah, the destruction of the previous nations, and a brief episode of the Day of Resurrection. Then comes the narration of the dwellers of Heaven and Hell.
• Then Allah says that wealth and children are a trial for Muslims, and that there’s a great reward in the remembrance of Allah.
• This means it shouldn’t so happen that the love of wealth and children should take a person away from Allah. Many a times, a person gets so involved in fulfilling the wishes of his children and property build-up that he forgets to distinguish Halal & Haram.
• Finally, Allah asked Muslims to refrain from being stingy and to spend in the way of Allah.
• * Surah Talaq:* The procedure of Talaq (divorce) is being mentioned at the beginning of this chapter.
• It also deals with the procedure a woman needs to follow if her husband passes away.
• Allah asked Muslim men to incur expenditure costs for their ex-wives during their Iddah (the duration of 4 months 10 days when women aren’t supposed to marry anyone in case of the death of their husband or divorce), and till the delivery of the baby, in case the women were bearing while being divorced.
• After divorce, if the woman agrees to take care and breastfeed the child/children, the ex-husband must incur this cost too, according to his financial status.
• Surah Tahreem: Allah asked Prophet Muhammed ﷺ to break his oath of not approaching his noble wives.
• Allah also advised the noble wives of Prophet Muhammed ﷺ to keep him ﷺ happy with their behavior, which they all did.
• In the next verses, Allah said that the connection of success is with Imaan (belief) and Amal (practicing faith).
• The noble wives of Prophet Muhammed ﷺ - Allah is pleased with them all - were given examples of Sayyidah Asiyah and Sayyidah Maryam (alaihuma assalam) because these two pious ladies preferred piety, unlike the wives of Sa’datuna Loot and Nooh (a.s.) who did not gain anything despite being related to one of the best men of Allah.
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